Septic in Thomson, GA

Here in Thomson, you'll notice how closely neighborly chatter often centers on the basics that quietly keep a home running—like a dependable septic system tucked behind the shed and a yard that rewards careful upkeep.

Is septic common in Thomson? Should I expect septic if I own or buy a home?

Yes. Sealed behind many Thomson homes, septic systems are a common, practical solution where city sewer lines don't reach the property. If your home isn't connected to a municipal sewer, it likely relies on a septic system. If you're buying a house here, it's smart to ask about the septic—the age of the tank, the size, the last pumping, and whether there's a recent inspection or soil test. A well-cared-for system is a quiet, long-lasting neighbor you'll appreciate every day.

Why do Thomson homes typically use septic systems?

• Rural and semi-rural layouts: Lot sizes and development patterns mean sewer lines don't always extend to every street or neighborhood.
• Cost and practicality: Installing and maintaining a municipal sewer connection can be expensive or impractical for many properties here.
• Groundwater and well considerations: In areas where many homes rely on private wells, treating waste close to the source helps manage drainage and protect soil and groundwater when done correctly.
• Local soil and drainage realities: The soil types and land contours in this region often favor a well-designed septic field that blends into the landscape without disrupting gardens, driveways, or lawns.

High-level explanation: why septic exists here

A septic system is a simple, effective way to treat household wastewater right on your property. Wastewater flows from the house into a tank where solids settle to the bottom and fats and oils rise to the top (scum). The liquid effluent then moves to a drain field where it percolates through the soil, where microbes and natural filtration do the rest. With proper sizing, installation, and regular maintenance, this system works quietly for years, letting you focus on home and family rather than utility worries.

Think of this as practical, neighborly guidance you can count on: the goal is to keep your Thomson septic healthy, your yard pleasant, and your water supply protected—through straightforward checks, timely pumping, and a little routine care.

Where Septic Systems Are Common in Thomson

Rural and outlying portions of Thomson

In Thomson and the surrounding parts of McDuffie County, many homes rely on septic systems because they sit outside public sewer lines or were built before sewer extensions reached them. You'll commonly find septic on:

• Large-acre properties and farms where private wastewater management is practical.
• Older homes established before centralized sewer service was available.
• Newly developed rural parcels where sewer service hasn't been extended yet.

Suburban neighborhoods near the edge of town

Even some neighborhoods close to Thomson's core rely on septic where sewer lines haven't been extended or where lot configurations make sewer connections impractical. In these areas, system design hinges on soil and groundwater conditions rather than zoning alone.

Farms, country properties, and mixed-use parcels

Agricultural and semi-rural parcels often use septic for primary residences while outbuildings may have separate wastewater handling needs. On these sites, drainage, vehicle access, and the proximity of wells or streams influence field layout and maintenance planning.

Common septic system types you'll encounter in Thomson

• Conventional septic system (two-compartment tank with a gravity-filled drain field).
• Alternative designs for tougher soils or space constraints: mound systems, sand filters, or treated-effluent systems.
• Innovative/ATU systems (aerobic treatment units) for limited absorption areas or higher loading conditions.

Tip: ATU systems accelerate treatment and can be more forgiving where soil absorption is restricted, but they require regular maintenance and reliable electrical service.

Site and soil realities that shape septic in Thomson

• Soil type matters: well-drained soils with adequate depth support conventional systems; clay-heavy or seasonally wet soils may require alternative designs.
• Groundwater and rainfall: high water tables or heavy rains reduce absorptive capacity and can necessitate specialized fields or elevated designs.
• Lot geometry: long, narrow lots favor trench or bed configurations; steep grades may require careful grading and setbacks.
• Proximity to wells and waterways: local and state rules set setbacks to protect drinking water and surface waters; verify requirements with the Georgia On-Site Sewage Management program before designing or installing a system.

How to tell what's common for your property

1. Review your property's soil information and, if needed, obtain a site evaluation from a licensed septic designer.
2. Have soils tested or percolation-tested as part of the design process, especially if you're in clay or high-water-table areas.
3. Check with the Georgia EPD On-Site Sewage Management program for local design and permitting requirements.
4. Work with a licensed septic contractor familiar with Thomson-area conditions to select and install a system suited to your lot, soil, and usage.

Official resources

• EPA SepticSmart:
• Georgia Department of Public Health septic systems:

Septic vs Sewer: What Homeowners in Thomson Should Know

How septic systems differ from municipal sewer

• Septic system: An on-site treatment method. Wastewater flows from your home into a septic tank, where solids settle, liquids move to a drainfield, and soil treatment completes the process on your property.
• Municipal sewer: Wastewater is collected in a network of pipes and carried to a centralized treatment plant. Your home connects to the public system, and treatment happens off-site.

Short paragraph: In Thomson, GA, many homes in more rural or less densely served areas rely on septic, while properties tied to a city or county sewer line use municipal service. Knowing which system you have affects maintenance, costs, and when to call in a pro.

Pros and cons for Thomson homeowners

• Septic pros
  • Often lower monthly utility costs if you're not connected to sewer.
  • Greater independence from city schedules or outages.
• Septic cons
  • Requires regular pumping and careful waste management to avoid costly failures.
  • Soil, drainage issues, or improper design can lead to leaks or backups.
• Sewer pros
  • Little on-site maintenance; wastewater treated by the utility.
  • Fewer odor or groundwater concerns on your property if properly managed.
• Sewer cons
  • Monthly fees can be higher; outages or line problems affect your service.
  • City rate increases and connection fees may apply if you're tying in or expanding.

How to tell which system you have

1. Check property records or the county tax assessor's map for your parcel.
2. Look at your utility bill: a sewer line charge usually appears if you're on public sewer.
3. Inspect the area near your foundation or crawlspace for a septic tank lid or distribution box.
4. If you're unsure, contact your local utility provider or a licensed septic contractor to confirm.

What to expect if you connect to sewer (and steps to take)

• If your property transitions from septic to sewer:
  1. Obtain approval from the local utility or regulatory agency.
  2. Schedule a professional line assessment to avoid damaging your home or the public system.
  3. Budget for hookup costs, which may include trenching, connection fees, and adjustments to your plumbing.
• Important note: Even after connecting to sewer, you'll still need to maintain internal plumbing and drains to prevent backups.

Maintenance and costs you should plan for

• Septic maintenance (if you're on account of septic):
  • Pump every 3–5 years, or per contractor recommendation based on tank size and usage.
  • Run water-generating appliances efficiently; spread out heavy use (e.g., laundry) to avoid overloading the system.
  • Use septic-safe products and avoid flushing grease, chemicals, or non-biodegradables.
• Sewer system considerations:
  • Expect monthly or quarterly sewer charges on your utility bill.
  • Local outages or maintenance can affect service; plan accordingly.
• Routine checks:
  • Have a licensed professional inspect the system after major renovations or if you notice backups, soggy drain fields, or odors.

Signs of trouble and when to call a pro

• Slow drains, gurgling sounds in the plumbing, or frequent backups.
• Wet patches, lush grass, or foul odors above the drainfield.
• Standing water or damp soil near your septic tank or drainfield.
• If you notice any of these, contact a licensed septic contractor or your city/county utility for guidance.

Official resources you may find helpful

• U.S. EPA on Septic Systems:
• Georgia Department of Public Health On-Site Sewage Management (if applicable in your county):

Typical Septic System Types in Thomson

Conventional gravity septic systems

• How they work: A septic tank collects wastewater, solids settle, and clarified effluent flows by gravity into a drain field of perforated pipes buried in gravel-sand trenches.
• Best fit: Moderate to well-drained soils with enough depth to groundwater; suitable for standard lots.
• Pros: Simple design, fewer components, typically lower upfront cost.
• Cons: Performance depends on soil conditions; restricted soils or high water tables may require alternatives.
• Thomson notes:
  • Start with a professional soil evaluation and percolation test.
  • Plan setbacks from wells, property lines, streams, and other features.
  • Schedule maintenance pumping every 3–5 years based on usage.

Pressure distribution septic systems

• How they work: A small pump or siphon distributes effluent to multiple trenches, helping spread wastewater evenly across the field.
• Best fit: Sloped lots or soils with variable absorption; gravity-only systems can saturate in spots.
• Pros: More uniform loading of the drain field; can extend life in challenging soils.
• Cons: More moving parts to maintain; requires power and alarms.
• Thomson notes:
  • Have a licensed designer size the system and specify pump requirements.
  • Include an audible alarm and a maintenance plan.
  • Periodic inspections help catch pump or valve issues early.

Mound systems

• How they work: The drain field sits on a designed sand bed above the native soil, elevating the infiltrative area when soil is shallow or restrictive.
• Best fit: Shallow soil, high water table, poor natural percolation.
• Pros: Expands buildable area on tight lots; workable in tougher soils.
• Cons: Higher upfront cost; more complex construction and cover maintenance.
• Thomson tips:
  • Obtain a detailed soil evaluation to confirm feasibility.
  • Expect engineered design and local permit requirements.
  • Monitor settlement and manage vegetation over the mound cover.

Chamber systems

• How they work: Replaces traditional gravel trenches with modular plastic chambers that create wide, shallow drainage areas.
• Best fit: Narrow lots or sites where heavy trench material is undesirable.
• Pros: Faster installation, lighter materials, sometimes lower cost than full gravel beds.
• Cons: Requires proper backfill and compaction; performance depends on correct installation.
• Thomson notes:
  • Verify local approvals for chamber-based designs.
  • Ensure trained installers handle backfill and compaction.
  • Check access ports after installation for inspection.

Sand-filter and secondary treatment options

• How they work: Treated effluent passes through a sand filtration bed or similar polishing media before infiltration.
• Best fit: Areas with weaker soils or when additional treatment is desired before disposal.
• Pros: Improves effluent quality and system resilience.
• Cons: More space and ongoing maintenance; higher upfront costs.
• Thomson guidance:
  • Confirm space and media depth requirements during design.
  • Work with a qualified installer and obtain design approvals.
  • Adhere to maintenance schedules for media and lines.

Aerobic treatment units (ATUs)

• How they work: ATUs boost microbial treatment with aeration, producing higher-quality effluent for disposal or reuse.
• Best fit: Properties with limited soil absorption, small lots, or higher wastewater strength.
• Pros: Higher treatment efficiency; can reduce drain-field footprint.
• Cons: Requires electricity, ongoing service contracts, and higher operating costs.
• Thomson pointers:
  • Check regulatory suitability for reuse or discharge in your area.
  • Establish a service contract with a licensed ATU maintainer.
  • Ensure the disposal field is sized to match the ATU output.

Drip irrigation or spray disposal systems

• How they work: Treated effluent is infiltrated via buried drip lines or spray zones into the landscape.
• Best fit: Smaller lots with planned irrigation-friendly landscaping.
• Pros: Efficient water use; can integrate with garden or turf design.
• Cons: Requires specialized design and ongoing monitoring.
• Thomson notes:
  • Confirm Georgia approvals for septic drip/disposal in Thomson.
  • Plan for filtration, pump sizing, and irrigation scheduling.
  • Schedule regular inspections to protect equipment and plantings.

Official resources:

• EPA Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems:
• Georgia Department of Public Health – Onsite Sewage Management:
• University of Georgia Extension – Septic Systems: https://extension.uga.edu/

Common Septic Issues in Thomson

Drain field saturation from soil and water table

Thomson-area soils are often clay-rich with limited percolation and a relatively high seasonal water table. That combination means drain fields can fill and drain slowly after rain or during wet seasons, putting extra pressure on the system. Signs include damp, spongy ground above the field, gurgling toilets, or wastewater odors near the leach field.

• Thomson-specific factors: heavy rainfall months and clay soils reduce absorption, so even a correctly sized system can struggle if the field is near groundwater or if the lot has poor drainage.
• What to do: avoid compacting the drain field area, keep heavy equipment off it, and consider extending drainage around the area to prevent surface runoff from reaching the field.

Root intrusion and access issues

A number of Thomson yards have mature trees whose roots reach the septic tank and distribution lines. Roots can crack pipes, clog outlets, and slow down or block effluent flow, leading to backups and costly repairs.

• Common symptoms: slow drains, backups in lower fixtures, or unexpected damp spots over the field.
• Prevention: plant trees away from the septic system footprint, install root barriers if needed, and have roots inspected during routine service.

Aging systems and maintenance gaps

Older septic systems may have failing components, undersized tanks, or clogged distribution lines. In Thomson's climate, aging tanks plus clay soil can shorten the effective life of a field if not pumped and maintained.

• Typical lifespans: tanks often last several decades, but leach fields can fail earlier if overburdened.
• Maintenance emphasis: regular pumping, inspection of baffles and outlets, and keeping solids out of the tank.

Backups, odors, and slow drains

Backups often signal a problem reaching the drain field or a failing tank. Strong odors around fixtures or standing water in the yard are red flags that should not be ignored.

• Immediate steps: minimize water use, avoid flushing non-flushable items, and schedule a professional inspection promptly.

Water use and disposal habits

Excessive water usage or flushing inappropriate items (grease, wipes, chemicals) overloads the system and kills beneficial bacteria. In Thomson, where rainfall patterns can stress the soil, keeping solids down helps the drain field recover from wet spells.

• Practical changes: spread laundry over days, use high-efficiency fixtures, and flush only septic-safe products.

Surface drainage and runoff concerns

Improper grading or runoff from roofs, driveways, or sump pumps can saturate the drain field area, reducing its ability to absorb effluent.

• Checks: ensure downspouts drain away from the septic area, and regrade if runoff pools over the field.

Health and safety during heavy rains

Heavy rains can push surface water into the leach field or overwhelm the system, increasing the risk of backups and contamination if the system is overloaded.

• Safety note: if you notice sewage backups during or after rain, treat the situation as urgent and contact a licensed contractor.

Quick checks you can perform (non-invasive)

1. Inspect the area over the drain field for unusually lush vegetation, damp spots, or foul odors.
2. Listen for gurgling noises in plumbing after flushing.
3. Observe if toilets or sinks drain unusually slowly.
4. Review recent water usage and adjust as needed to reduce load.

Maintenance tips tailored for Thomson

• Schedule pumping every 3–5 years for typical households; more often if you have a garbage disposal or high wastewater flow.
• Protect the drain field by avoiding parking or heavy equipment on it; keep landscaping light and non-invasive.
• Use septic-safe products and reduce chemical cleaners or solvents that can disrupt beneficial bacteria.
• Have a licensed septic contractor inspect the tank and field after significant rainfall, wet seasons, or noticeable performance changes.

When to call a professional

1. Persistent backups or odors, 2) standing water or soggy areas over the field, 3) gurgling pipes or slow drains that don't improve with time, 4) tank lids or access ports that appear damaged or difficult to access safely.

Official resources

• EPA: Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems (septic):
• University of Georgia Extension (Georgia-specific guidance and best practices): https://extension.uga.edu

Septic Inspection, Permits & Local Oversight

Who regulates septic systems in Thomson

• In Thomson (McDuffie County), onsite wastewater systems are overseen by state and local authorities. The Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) administers statewide onsite wastewater standards, while the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD) provides overarching guidance on wastewater management. Local oversight and permits are handled by the McDuffie County Health Department and the county's permitting office.
• Your first point of contact is usually the local health department to confirm permit requirements, inspection schedules, and any transfer-of-ownership rules. For state guidance, you can explore the Georgia DPH and EPD sites.

When you need a permit or inspection

• New installation or replacement: A formal onsite wastewater system permit is typically required before any construction or substantial modification begins.
• Repairs and upgrades: Major repairs or changes to a system may require an amended permit and an inspection.
• Real estate transactions: Some transactions require a certificate of compliance or status for the septic system before closing.
• Routine maintenance and pumping: While not always requiring a permit, keeping records and scheduling inspections as needed by the local authority helps prevent failures.

What the inspection covers

• Tank condition: integrity of the septic tank(s), baffles, lids, and access risers.
• System components: pumps, alarms, distribution box, pipes, and connections.
• Drainage field: condition of the leach/drain field and evidence of seepage, runoff, or standing water.
• Setbacks and encroachment: distance from wells, foundations, and other structures.
• Evidence of failure: surface features, odors, backups, or unusual effluent discharge.
• Maintenance status: pumping history, sludge/scum levels, and any corrective actions taken.

Step-by-step: getting inspected and permitted (basics)

1. Contact the local authority: Call the McDuffie County Health Department or your county's permitting office to confirm whether a permit is required and to schedule inspections.
2. Hire a licensed professional: Use a Georgia-licensed septic contractor or inspector for installation, design review, or formal inspections.
3. Prepare and submit documents: If a new system is planned, you'll typically submit a site plan, soils information, and system design for review.
4. Schedule inspections at key milestones: pre-construction site visit, during installation (before backfill/cover), and final inspection for compliance.
5. Receive approvals and maintain records: Keep the permit, inspection reports, and any certificates of compliance with your home records.

Real estate transfers and ongoing maintenance

• Certificate of Compliance/Status: Some Thomson transactions require this documentation to show the current system is functioning within code.
• Maintenance records: Maintain pumping and servicing logs; many jurisdictions recommend pumping every 3–5 years, depending on tank size and usage.
• If the system fails or is undersized, remedial work may be required and could trigger new permitting or re-design.

Helpful official resources

• Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) – main site: https://dph.georgia.gov
• Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD) – main site: https://epd.georgia.gov
• Locate your local health department (DPH locations): https://dph.georgia.gov/locations
• Note: For Thomson-specific guidance, reach out to the McDuffie County Health Department to confirm current local requirements, schedules, and any county-specific forms or fees.

Septic Maintenance for Homes in Thomson

Thomson soil and climate considerations

Thomson's geology and weather patterns influence how well a septic system works. Heavier clay soils, seasonal rainfall, and periodic flooding can saturate drainfields and slow groundwater absorption. Tree roots from nearby oaks and pines also threaten drainfield integrity. These factors mean proactive maintenance and careful water use are essential in Thomson.

• What this means for you: plan for more attentive inspection, avoid loading the system with excess water at once, and protect the drainfield from compaction and root intrusion.
• Tip: note drainage issues after heavy rains or nearby lawn renovations, and discuss them with a licensed septic professional who understands Georgia soils.

Regular inspection and pumping schedule

A proactive schedule helps prevent backups and extended repair costs. In Thomson, a typical home should have its septic system inspected regularly and pumped as needed based on tank size and daily flow.

• Step 1: Schedule a professional inspection at least once a year to check the tank, baffles, and any effluent screens.
• Step 2: Plan pumping every 3–5 years for average usage; homes with more occupants or frequent heavy use may need more frequent pumping.
• Step 3: Keep a maintenance log with pumping dates, tank size, and observed conditions (sludge or scum levels, odors, surfacing effluent).
• Step 4: Ensure the contractor provides a written assessment of tank health and drainfield condition after each service.

Drainfield care in Thomson's soils

Drainfields are the heart of your system. In Thomson, clay-rich soils and potential seasonal saturation require careful protection of the absorption area.

• Do not drive or park on the drainfield or place heavy loads over it.
• Plant only shallow-rooted grasses near the drainfield; avoid trees or shrubs with aggressive roots close to lines.
• Maintain a clear setback zone (no storage of chemicals, fertilizers, or pesticides near the area).
• If you notice pooling water, lush green spots above the field, or strong septic odors near the drainfield, contact a pro promptly.

Water use and housekeeping

Even modest changes in water use can impact septic performance in Thomson's climate.

• Spread laundry and dishwasher loads rather than running multiple large loads back-to-back.
• Use high-efficiency appliances and fix leaks promptly to minimize unnecessary water entering the system.
• Use septic-safe products (avoid harsh chemicals that can kill beneficial bacteria in the tank).
• Only flush human waste and toilet paper; dispose of fats, oils, coffee grounds, diapers, wipes, and other solids in the trash.

Storms, floods, and seasonal changes

Thomson experiences heavy rainfall and occasional flooding that can affect septic systems.

• After heavy rains or flooding, monitor for slow drains, gurgling sounds, or unusual odors.
• If the system is overwhelmed by water, wait before pumping or heavy usage until conditions stabilize, and then have a pro assess any potential damage.
• In flood-prone areas, consider a professional inspection after the water recedes to confirm the drainfield's integrity.

Do-it-yourself vs. professional maintenance

Maintenance tasks are best handled by licensed septic professionals in Georgia, especially when evaluating tank condition, baffle integrity, or drainfield performance.

• DIY tips: routine visual checks of the area around access ports, lids, and clear drainage paths are reasonable, but pump-outs and internal inspections require a licensed contractor.
• Seek a pro for: tank pumping, baffle and effluent screen inspection, drainfield field pressure tests, or if you notice sewage backups, strong odors, or surfacing effluent.

Official resources

• EPA: Septic systems overview and plain-English guidance
• For local requirements and county-level guidance, contact your local health department or the Georgia DPH pages above.

Cost Expectations for Septic Services in Thomson

Septic Tank Pumping and Cleaning

• What this includes: removing sludge and scum from the tank, cleaning the tank interior, checking baffles and the pump chamber, inspecting access lids, and providing basic disposal of waste. Homeowners typically get a written service note with recommendations on next pumping interval.
• Thomson-specific considerations: many Thomson properties are rural with variable driveway access. Tight or uneven access can add a small labor surcharge or require extra equipment. If your tank is older or larger than standard, costs may trend higher.
• Typical cost in Thomson: 1,000-gallon tanks generally run about $300-$550; 1,500-gallon tanks or homes with challenging access can be $450-$600. Permit fees, if applicable, are separate.

Septic System Inspection (Real Estate or Annual Check)

• What this includes: a visual inspection of the septic tank and components, lid access, baffles, and effluent lines; basic dye or functional tests on request; a written report suitable for real estate transactions or annual records.
• Thomson-specific considerations: real estate inspections in Thomson often require documentation suitable for McDuffie County transactions; additional tests (like a dye test) may be requested by buyers and can affect price.
• Typical cost in Thomson: $100-$250 for a standard inspection; $150-$300 for enhanced reports or real estate transaction packages.

Drain Field Repair or Replacement

• What this includes: assessment of the leach field, soil condition checks, trenching or trench expansion, installation of new drain lines or a new field, backfill, and field startup testing.
• Thomson-specific considerations: Georgia's red-clay and variable moisture conditions can influence trenching difficulty and project scope, sometimes increasing labor and material costs. Access and distance to a suitable replacement area can also affect price.
• Typical cost in Thomson: repairs commonly range from $2,500-$6,000 for smaller fixes; full drain-field replacement often runs $7,000-$15,000, with larger or more complex setups $15,000-$25,000.

Septic System Installation / New System

• What this includes: site evaluation, soil testing, system design, permits, tank installation, drain field layout, startup checks, and owner orientation.
• Thomson-specific considerations: lot size, soil work, and access determine the system footprint and digging requirements; Thomson homeowners may face permit and inspection steps through state and county channels.
• Typical cost in Thomson: $7,000-$25,000 for typical residential systems; high-complexity sites or large lots can exceed this range.

Camera Inspection and Line Diagnostics

• What this includes: push-rod or video camera inspection of the sewer line from the house to the tank, identifying cracks, blockages, root intrusion, or misaligned joints; often paired with a pumping or cleanout service.
• Thomson-specific considerations: helpful for older homes or properties with prior repairs in Thomson neighborhoods where line history is uncertain.
• Typical cost in Thomson: $150-$350.

Perc Tests & Soil Evaluation (for New Installations or Upgrades)

• What this includes: on-site soil tests (percolation tests), analysis, and documentation needed to design or approve a septic system; results guide system type and size.
• Thomson-specific considerations: required by state and often by county for new systems or substantial upgrades; costs vary with property size and soil conditions.
• Typical cost in Thomson: $300-$900, depending on scope and testing requirements.

Lids, Risers, and Access Improvements

• What this includes: installing or upgrading septic tank risers and lids to improve accessibility, reduce digging, and help with frost protection and maintenance.
• Thomson-specific considerations: older setups may benefit from riser installation to simplify future pumping and inspections on tight or irregular lots.
• Typical cost in Thomson: $300-$900.

Maintenance Plans and Preventive Service Bundles

• What this includes: scheduled pumping, periodic inspections, and prioritized service; some plans include quick-response visits and discount on additional services.
• Thomson-specific considerations: local providers may offer annual or multi-year packages tailored to rural properties and seasonal access.
• Typical cost in Thomson: $100-$300 per year for basic plans; some bundled packages can be lower per-year with longer commitments.

Notes

• Permit and county filing fees are separate from these service prices and can add to the overall cost. In Georgia, many septic activities require state or county permits and inspections.
• For official guidance on onsite wastewater in Georgia, see: and general guidance at https://www.epa.gov/septic

Official resources

• Georgia Department of Public Health – Onsite Wastewater: https://dph.georgia.gov/onsite-wastewater
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency – Septic Systems: https://www.epa.gov/septic