Septic in Kerr County, TX

Welcome to Kerr County, where the Hill Country's limestone hills and open skies shape how we live and how we manage waste. If you've strolled Kerrville's streets or driven past ranch fences and live oaks, you've felt how spread-out homes are here. That generous spacing is part of why septic systems are a familiar, practical part of life in this county.

Is septic common in Kerr County? Should I expect septic if I own or buy a home? Yes. Septic systems are very common, especially for properties outside the City of Kerrville sewer area, in smaller nearby communities, and on rural ranches. If your home isn't connected to a municipal sewer line, you'll likely have a septic system. Even some newer subdivisions on the county's edge may rely on septic where sewer mains haven't extended yet.

Why homes typically use septic systems in Kerr County:

• Rural layouts: many properties sit on parcels far from centralized sewer lines.
• Soil and groundwater conditions: the geology here—limestone, variable soils, and shallow bedrock—often supports on-site treatment when a system is properly designed and sited.
• Cost and practicality: extending city sewer across the Hill Country can be expensive and slow, so septic offers a reliable, flexible option for households and ranches alike.

County growth history and how that has impacted septic coverage: Kerr County has evolved from a ranching-based economy to a blend of longtime residents, retirees, and new families drawn to the Hill Country. Kerrville and surrounding areas have grown steadily since the late 20th century, bringing new neighborhoods and subdivisions into the mix. That growth has outpaced sewer expansion in many outlying areas, so more homes rely on on-site systems than ever before. With that comes greater emphasis on proper maintenance, regular pumping, and timely upgrades to protect groundwater and the landscape.

High-level explanation (why septic exists here): On-site systems exist because large-scale sewer networks aren't practical for all rural properties. A well-designed septic system uses a tank and drain field to treat and disperse wastewater where the soil and groundwater can safely absorb it, helping keep our wells, streams, and yards healthy.

From here, you'll find practical guidance and local considerations for choosing, installing, and maintaining a septic system in Kerr County.

How Septic Is Regulated in Kerr County

State oversight of OSSFs

• The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) administers the state-wide On-Site Sewage Facility (OSSF) program, setting design, permitting, inspection, operation, and maintenance standards.
• OSSF design criteria and rules are codified in 30 TAC 285 and related guidance. You'll often see references to the Texas OSSF rules when plans are reviewed.

Local administration in Kerr County

• In unincorporated Kerr County, the Kerr County Environmental Health Office handles OSSF permits, site evaluations, plan reviews, and inspections for septic systems.
• In incorporated areas within Kerr County (for example, inside the City of Kerrville), septic systems fall under the city's ordinances and permitting process. Check with the city department that handles building permits or environmental health to confirm the correct authority.
• If you're unsure which jurisdiction applies, contact Kerr County or the relevant city office to confirm the proper agency before starting a project.

Permitting and plan reviews

• Steps to get a permit:
  1. Determine jurisdiction (unincorporated Kerr County vs. inside a city like Kerrville).
  2. Gather required documents: property map, soil evaluation (percolation test or soil analysis), and proposed system design.
  3. Submit an OSSF permit application to the appropriate authority (county office or city department).
  4. Receive design and site approval before any installation begins.
• Timelines can vary by workload and complexity; plan for several weeks of review in many cases.

Design standards and system types

• Designs must comply with TCEQ OSSF design criteria (30 TAC 285) and related guidance.
• Common system types you'll see in Kerr County:
  • Conventional septic tank with a drain field (soil-based systems)
  • Alternative designs like mound systems or sand filters in areas with poor or shallow soils
  • Pump or dosing systems for remote lots or challenging grade
• A licensed designer or qualified installer typically prepares plans to ensure code compliance and local adherence.

Inspections and final approvals

• Inspections are required at key stages of installation:
  • After trenching, tank placement, and initial plumbing
  • Before backfilling and final connection
  • Final inspection to verify proper operation and setback compliance
• The inspector checks tank integrity, leach field performance, setback distances from wells, property lines, buildings, and surface water, and proper backfill material.

Operation and maintenance

• Homeowners are responsible for ongoing care:
  • Regular pumping and maintenance of the septic tank (typical guidance ranges from every 3 to 5 years, depending on tank size, household usage, and waste flows)
  • Protect the leach field: avoid driving or parking on it, minimize irrigation over the area, and don't flush non-biodegradable materials or chemicals that disrupt microorganisms
  • Maintain records of pumping and any service visits
• Some properties or local programs may require an operation and maintenance (O&M) contract with a service provider; confirm any local requirements for your system.

Noticeable issues and enforcement

• Signs of trouble: sewage odors, slow drains, sewage backup, or surfaces wetting over the drain field.
• Noncompliance can trigger enforcement actions, including fines or orders to repair or upgrade a failed system, especially if there's a risk to water quality.

Helpful resources

• TCEQ On-Site Sewage Facility program:
• Kerr County official site for local permits and contacts:
• City of Kerrville septic guidance or building permits (within Kerrville city limits):

Soil, Groundwater & Environmental Factors in Kerr County

Local soil characteristics and how they affect septic systems

Kerr County soils are a mix of shallow to moderately deep horizons with limestone bedrock and areas of caliche. This combination can limit how quickly effluent from a septic tank can be absorbed by the soil. When soils are rocky, thin, or have high lime content, traditional leach fields may struggle to infiltrate effluent evenly. In practical terms:

• Shallow soils and bedrock can shorten leach-field performance and require alternative designs.
• Caliche layers or dense clays slow percolation and may push designers toward mound systems or other engineered solutions.
• Soil texture and depth influence the size and layout of your drain-field.
• Action tip: Review your property's exact soil data using the USDA NRCS Web Soil Survey to understand percolation rates and limitations for your site.

Typical Septic System Types in Kerr County

Conventional gravity septic systems

• How it works: A septic tank collects solids; clarified effluent flows by gravity into a trench or buried absorption field.
• Typical components: septic tank, distribution box, perforated pipes, gravel or stone fill, soil.
• Suitability: Works well where soils are deep and fairly permeable, with adequate space for a drain field.
• Pros: Simple design, generally lower upfront cost, easy maintenance.
• Cons: Requires suitable soil depth and drainage; performance declines with high water tables or dense clays.

Learn more: https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Low-pressure dose (LPD) / pressure distribution systems

• How it works: A small pump delivers wastewater to multiple evenly spaced points in the absorption area, improving field performance on slopes or narrow lots.
• Typical components: pump chamber, control timer, small-diameter laterals, distribution manifold.
• Suitability: Good for uneven terrain, shallow trenches, or limited absorption area.
• Pros: More even distribution, can extend usable area of the drain field.
• Cons: Higher maintenance and energy use; requires reliable power.

Learn more: https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Chamber systems

• How it works: Prefabricated plastic or durable composite chambers replace traditional gravel-filled trenches, increasing void space for effluent dispersion.
• Typical components: chambers, distribution box, standard septic tank.
• Suitability: Useful on properties with limited space or challenging soils where conventional trenches aren't ideal.
• Pros: Quick installation, often less trench digging, flexible layout.
• Cons: Requires proper loading and spacing; local codes may treat chambers differently.

Learn more: https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Mound systems

• How it works: When native soil is too shallow or poor for a drain field, a raised "mound" is built with a sandy fill to create a suitable absorption area above grade.
• Typical components: mound soil, sand fill, distribution pipes, elevated drain field.
• Suitability: Common in Kerr County where bedrock or high water tables limit conventional fields.
• Pros: Expands viable lots, accommodates challenging soils.
• Cons: Higher initial cost, more complex maintenance, landscape considerations.

Learn more: https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Aerobic Treatment Units (ATU)

• How it works: An enhanced treatment unit uses oxygen to break down waste before the effluent enters the drain field.
• Typical components: ATU unit, aerator/impeller, pump, discharge line to field.
• Suitability: Beneficial where soils are marginal or where space is limited and higher effluent quality is desired.
• Pros: Higher treatment efficiency, smaller drain field footprints.
• Cons: Electrical dependency, more ongoing maintenance and parts replacement.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic or https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Recirculating sand filter (RSF)

• How it works: Wastewater passes through a bed of sand with biological media; treated effluent is then dispersed to a drain field.
• Typical components: sand bed, pump and recirculation loop, distribution piping.
• Suitability: Used when soil conditions are very poor or very high strength wastewater is present.
• Pros: Higher effluent quality, flexible design, can be compact.
• Cons: Higher cost, requires regular maintenance and monitoring.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Evapotranspiration (ET) beds and drip irrigation systems

• How it works: Some systems shed treated water via evapotranspiration in dry climates or distribute effluent through drip lines for reuse in landscaping.
• Suitability: More common in arid or semi-arid zones; in Kerr County, site-specific planning is essential.
• Pros: Potential water reuse, reduced drain field footprint.
• Cons: Climate-dependent; requires careful design to prevent odor and non-target exposure.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Notes for Kerr County homeowners

• Soil and site conditions drive system choice. Shallow bedrock, limestone, and high water tables often push design toward mound, ATU, or RSF options.
• Local permitting and inspection rules apply; consult the Kerr County / Texas Commission on Environmental Quality guidelines for OSSFs.

Learn more: https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Typical Septic Issues Across Kerr County

Common warning signs of septic trouble

Septic systems in Kerr County may show trouble gradually. Early detection saves money and protects groundwater. Look for:

• Slow drains and frequent backups in sinks, tubs, and toilets
• Gurgling sounds in pipes or at the tank cover when water goes down
• Sewer odors near bathrooms, drains, or the drainfield
• Wet or lush green patches, mushy soil, or standing water over the drainfield
• Fresh sewage pooling in the yard or near the septic system

Drainfield and soil issues you may see

The drainfield is the heart of the system. When it can't absorb properly, trouble follows.

• Poor absorption: water sits on the surface and drains slowly
• Saturated soil or surface puddles, especially after rains
• Soil compaction or heavy foot traffic on the field
• Tree roots growing toward or into pipes and trenches
• Signs of failure in nearby areas, like depressions or odors

Root intrusion and system damage

Root systems grown too close to lines cause early failures.

• Roots infiltrate pipes and tanks, increasing solids and blockages
• Narrow trenches or clogging reduce drainage capacity
• Increased back-ups and costly repairs when roots intersect the leach field

Household habits that stress septic systems

Small changes add up in Kerr County's environment.

• High water use: long showers, many laundry loads, large irrigation events
• Flushing non-biodegradable items (wet wipes, diapers, feminine products)
• Pouring grease, solvents, paints, pesticides, or chemicals down drains
• Driving or parking on the drainfield, or heavy landscaping near it

Maintenance that keeps Kerr County systems healthy

A proactive plan helps your system survive local conditions.

1. Pumping and inspection: Have the tank pumped and inspected by a licensed pro every 2-5 years, depending on tank size and usage.
2. Water conservation: Use efficient fixtures and spread laundry; fix leaks promptly.
3. Proper disposal: Use septic-safe products; keep grease and solids out of the system.
4. Drainfield protection: Keep vehicles off the field and avoid heavy construction; plant only shallow-rooted vegetation.
5. Documentation: Maintain records of pumping, repairs, and inspections for quick reference.
6. Seasonal considerations: In Kerr County, weather and groundwater shifts can affect performance—adjust maintenance accordingly.

What to do if you notice a problem

Acting early saves money and protects neighbors.

1. Limit water use immediately to reduce the load on the tank and drainfield.
2. Do not flush non-biodegradable items and avoid pouring chemicals down sinks or toilets.
3. Contact a licensed septic professional or your local health department for an evaluation.
4. If there is sewage backup indoors, limit access to the area and turn off the affected fixtures if safe.
5. Follow the professional's recommendations, which may include pumping, camera inspection, or field repair.

Local resources and official guidelines

• Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) On-Site Sewage Facilities (OSSF) program:

Septic Inspection, Permits & Local Oversight

Who Oversees Kerr County OSSFs

• The state program, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ), sets the rules for on-site sewage facilities (OSSFs) and conducts state-level oversight.
• Kerr County handles local permits and inspections for properties in unincorporated areas and may require site-specific reviews. If you're inside a city (for example, Kerrville or other incorporated towns), check the city's codes or health department for any additional requirements.
• Official resources:
  • TCEQ OSSF program:

Permits You May Need

• You'll typically need a permit for:
  • New septic system installations
  • System replacements or significant repairs
  • Major modifications or expansions
• What to include with your permit application (typical):
  • Site plan showing the location of the septic tank, drain field, setbacks, and property lines
  • Soil evaluation or percolation test results
  • System design or layout from a qualified designer or engineer
  • Contractor information and licensing (as applicable)
  • Permit fees
• Step-by-step:
  1. Confirm jurisdiction (unincorporated Kerr County vs. city limits)
  2. Gather required documents (site plan, soil/data, design)
  3. Submit the permit application to the appropriate local office
  4. Pay fees and await plan review
  5. Receive permit approval and begin work only after approval

Inspection Process: What to Expect

• Pre-construction evaluation: Some projects require soil evaluation and other pre-approval steps before digging.
• Rough-in inspection: Verifies tank placement, baffles, risers, inlet and outlet connections, and that setbacks are correct.
• Final inspection: Confirms proper backfill, drain-field installation, and system operation according to the approved design.
• Re-inspection: If inspectors note corrections, schedule a follow-up inspection once corrections are completed.
• Practical tips:
  • Have access to the site, utilities marked, and clear communication with your installer
  • Keep the permit and inspection documentation on-site for easy reference

Keeping Records and Handling Changes

• Retain all permits, plans, soil tests, inspection approvals, and repair records.
• Any later changes or additions to the system may require re-permitting and another inspection.
• Pro-tip: Coordinate with the permitting office early if you anticipate changes during construction to avoid delays.

Local Help and Resources

• Your primary point of contact for Kerr County OSSFs is the local permitting or environmental health office; they guide you through jurisdiction, application requirements, and scheduling inspections.
• If you're unsure whether you're in an incorporated area, start with the Kerr County website or call the county clerk/permitting office for direction.

Official Resources

• Texas Commission on Environmental Quality – On-Site Sewage Facilities (OSSF) program: https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf
• Kerr County Official Website (for local permits and health/environmental health contacts): https://www.co.kerr.tx.us/

Cost Expectations for Septic Services in Kerr County

Septic Tank Pumping and Routine Maintenance

• What it includes: pump out accumulated solids from the tank, inspect baffles and lids, check any effluent filters or ATU components, and provide quick maintenance guidance. In Kerr County, access sometimes means navigating rocky terrain or tight spaces, which can affect travel time and equipment setup.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Low end around $200–$300; typical range $350–$500; high-end or remote jobs $600–$800+ (larger tanks or difficult access may push prices higher).

Septic System Inspection (Annual or Pre-Purchase)

• What it includes: a visual inspection of the tank, lids, baffles, and pump/ATU components; assessment of drain-field condition; flow and odor checks; in real estate deals, a fuller report with recommendations; may include dye tests or camera inspections if needed.
• Kerr County specifics: soil conditions and field accessibility can influence inspection depth and travel time; if you're buying rural Kerr County property, plan for a more thorough assessment.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Standard inspection $150–$250; more comprehensive or real estate inspections $250–$350; advanced testing or ATU-specific evaluation may run $350–$450+.

New Septic Tank Installation

• What it includes: site evaluation, design by a licensed professional, permitting, trench layout, tank and pipe installation, backfill, and initial system startup pumping.
• Kerr County specifics: limestone bedrock, caliche layers, and shallow soils commonly require design adaptations (mounds or alternate drain-field layouts), which can add to prep time and materials.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Conventional system $10,000–$18,000; challenging soils or mound systems $15,000–$40,000+; fully engineered or ATU-equipped setups can exceed $40,000 depending on site constraints.

Drain Field Repair or Replacement

• What it includes: locating failing trenches, repairing or replacing lines, gravel and cover work, and soil restoration; in Kerr County, repairs may need adjustments for shallow soils or caliche.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Repair $2,000–$7,000; full drain-field replacement $7,000–$20,000; mound or alternate designs $15,000–$35,000+.

Aerobic Treatment Unit (ATU) Service and Maintenance

• What it includes: routine servicing, aerator and pump checks, filter cleaning/replacement, alarm testing, and occasional part replacement; some homes in Kerr County use ATUs due to space or soil conditions.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Pumping/maintenance $200–$400 per visit; annual service contracts $500–$1,000+.

Septic Tank Risers, Lids, and Access Improvements

• What it includes: installation or upgrading concrete or plastic risers and secure lids to improve accessibility for pumping and inspections; reduces long-term access costs and frost issues.
• Kerr County specifics: improving winter access and inspection reliability is common in hill-country properties.
• Typical Kerr County cost: $1,000–$3,000 depending on materials and site accessibility.

System Design, Permitting, and Site Assessment

• What it includes: soils tests, system design, engineer or designer consultations, and local/state permit submissions; aligns with TCEQ and Kerr County requirements.
• Kerr County specifics: permit processes may involve state-level OWTS regulations plus any county supplementary rules.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Design/site assessment $1,000–$4,000; permit fees $100–$1,000 (varies by project).

Decommissioning or Conversion to Sewer

• What it includes: safely sealing and decommissioning an old system, disconnecting from the tank, and, if available, connecting to sewer lines.
• Kerr County specifics: rural lots may require longer run routes or trench work to connect to municipal lines when available.
• Typical Kerr County cost: $3,000–$7,000+ depending on access and disposal requirements.

Emergency/After-Hours Service

• What it includes: urgent pumping, leak repair, or field troubleshooting outside normal hours; trip fees and overtime apply.
• Kerr County specifics: remote locations can incur higher travel surcharges.
• Typical Kerr County cost: Trip fee $100–$250; hourly labor $100–$200; parts and services extra.

Maintenance Contracts and Planned Care

• What it includes: scheduled annual or biannual visits, priority scheduling, and up-front cost stabilization for major services.
• Kerr County specifics: local contractors frequently offer tailored plans to address rocky soil and access challenges.
• Typical Kerr County cost: $100–$300 per year, depending on visit frequency and included services.
• Get multiple quotes from 3–4 Kerr County–based providers to compare exact costs.
• Confirm required permits with TCEQ and Kerr County before any install.
• Discuss soil conditions (caliche, bedrock) early to choose the right system design.
• Budget for contingencies given terrain and access challenges.
• Schedule routine maintenance to extend system life and catch issues early.

Official resources:

• Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (OWTS guidance and permitting):
• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency septic systems overview: (for local health/environmental guidelines)

Cities & Communities in Kerr County With Septic Systems

Kerrville

Kerrville is the county seat and largest city in Kerr County. While many homes inside city limits are connected to municipal sewer, the surrounding rural neighborhoods rely on on-site septic systems. If you're in those areas, regular maintenance matters just as much as anywhere else in the county.

• Pump every 3–5 years, or as recommended by a licensed professional.
• Protect the drainfield: keep cars, landscaping, and heavy equipment off the area; avoid compacting the soil.
• Conserve water: use high-efficiency fixtures and spread out laundry to reduce system load.
• Plant wisely: choose shallow-rooted landscaping near the drainfield and avoid trees or large shrubs whose roots could damage the system.
• Verify permits and records: contact Kerr County Environmental Health or consult the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) On-site Sewage Facilities program for OSSF permit status and system details. Official resources: Kerr County TCEQ OSSF program ;'>https://www.co.kerr.tx.us/; OSSF program information https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf

Hunt

Hunt and nearby unincorporated neighborhoods rely on septic systems more often than not. Following standard maintenance routines protects property values and groundwater.

• Annual inspections or professional assessments help catch problems early.
• Manage surface water and drainage to prevent pool buildup over the drainfield.
• Use septic-safe products and limit "flushable" items that aren't meant for septic systems.
• Verify system status or permits via Kerr County Environmental Health and the TCEQ OSSF program.

Steps to maintain or verify your Kerr County septic system

1. Identify whether your property is connected to municipal sewer or a septic system. If septic, locate the septic tank and drainfield layout.
2. Contact a licensed septic professional for an inspection and pump-out schedule tailored to your tank size and household usage.
3. Check official records: Kerr County (county site) and the TCEQ OSSF program hold permit and installation information for your property. Official resources: Kerr County https://www.co.kerr.tx.us/;'>https://www.co.kerr.tx.us/; TCEQ OSSF program https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf; EPA septic basics https://www.epa.gov/septic

Official resources referenced here

• Kerr County: https://www.co.kerr.tx.us/
• Texas Commission on Environmental Quality – On-site Sewage Facilities (OSSF): https://www.tceq.texas.gov/permitting/ossf
• U.S. EPA Septic Systems: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Septic vs Sewer Across Kerr County

What this means for Kerr County homeowners

Most rural and semi-rural properties in Kerr County rely on septic systems, while properties inside towns or areas with municipal sewer service connect to a public sewer system. Your choice affects costs, maintenance, and long-term planning.

How septic systems and sewer differ

• Septic system (onsite): Treats wastewater on your property using a septic tank and a drain field. You're responsible for installation, pumping, and inspections.
• Public sewer: Wastewater goes to a centralized treatment plant. The city or district bills you monthly for service and maintenance is managed by the utility.
• Practical impact:
  • Monthly costs: Septic users pay for pumping and maintenance; sewer customers pay a regular utility bill.
  • Maintenance: Septic systems need periodic pumping (typically every 3–5 years, depending on usage and tank size); sewers require less personal upkeep, but you'll have to report issues and connect to sewer if/when it's available in your area.

Cost considerations in rural Kerr County

• Septic installation and repairs
  • Standard system: roughly $6,000–$15,000, depending on soil, tank size, and design.
  • Alternative designs (mounds, sand filters): higher upfront costs.
• Sewer connection (when available)
  • Tap and installation fees vary widely by utility and distance to mainlines.
  • Monthly sewer charges: commonly in the low tens to low hundreds of dollars, influenced by local rates and household size.
• Ongoing costs
  • Septic: pumping every 3–5 years, occasional inspections, and possible replacement if a component fails.
  • Sewer: predictable monthly bills, with occasional maintenance by the utility.

Maintenance and reliability: what to expect

• Septic:
  • Do not flush non-biodegradables, fats, or chemicals that disrupt beneficial bacteria.
  • Schedule regular pumping; most systems benefit from a professional inspection every 3–5 years.
  • Protect the drain field: avoid heavy vehicles on the area, plant only shallow-rooted vegetation, and ensure proper drainage.
• Public sewer:
  • Less day-to-day maintenance for homeowners, but care still matters—avoid flushing toxins, be mindful of grease disposal, and report issues promptly to the utility.

Pros and cons at a glance

• Septic pros:
  • Independence from utility service interruptions
  • Potentially lower monthly costs if usage is moderate
  • Suitable for rural lots without sewer access
• Septic cons:
  • Higher upfront installation cost
  • Ongoing pumping and inspection responsibilities
  • Risk of costly failures if not properly maintained
• Sewer pros:
  • Predictable monthly costs
  • Not managing a septic system's maintenance or failure risk
  • Centralized treatment and often stronger protection for groundwater when well managed
• Sewer cons:
  • Dependence on utility service availability and rates
  • Higher long-term costs in some areas
  • Possible rate increases over time

Step-by-step decision guide for Kerr County homeowners

1. Determine sewer availability in your area:
   • Check with the city or county planning or public works office to see if sewer lines exist and whether you can or must connect.
2. Compare current and projected costs:
   • Get a rough estimate for septic pumping and inspection versus typical sewer bills in your district.
3. Assess your lot and soil:
   • Soil tests and site suitability influence septic design and cost; poor soils raise upfront costs.
4. Factor in future plans:
   • If you plan to sell or expand, consider whether septic system age or potential sewer expansion affects value.
5. Consult official guidance:
   • For regulatory details and best practices, review official resources from recognized authorities:
     • EPA: https://www.epa.gov/septic
     • Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (OWTS guidance): https://www.tceq.texas.gov
6. Get professional assessments:
   • Have a licensed septic contractor evaluate your current system, and obtain a utility cost estimate from the local sewer provider if you're in a serviced area.

Local resources and official guidance

• EPA Septic Systems: https://www.epa.gov/septic
• Texas Commission on Environmental Quality – On-Site Sewage Facilities (OWTS) guidance: https://www.tceq.texas.gov