Septic in Centre County, PA

Last updated: Mar 21, 2026

Centre County's landscape and towns have a practical rhythm: farms, modest homesteads, and newer subdivisions tucked along rolling hills between State College and Bellefonte. In that everyday rhythm, septic systems are a familiar, reliable part of how homes handle wastewater.

Is septic common in Centre County? Should I expect septic if I own or buy a home? Yes. In many parts of the county—especially outside the core town sewer districts—septic systems are the norm. If you're buying a home in rural areas, on older subdivisions, or on properties that aren't connected to a municipal sewer line, you should plan for a septic system. Even in some newer developments, residents rely on on-site septic rather than a city sewer. Checking the home's wastewater system is a smart, practical step in any purchase.

Why homes typically use septic systems in Centre County. Several factors converge here. Extending central sewer lines to every property is expensive, and in a county with varied terrain, soil types, and groundwater patterns, on-site treatment can be the most sensible option. The county has long relied on septic where sewers don't reach, especially on smaller lots and in areas with soils that drain well. Septic systems let homes operate efficiently without lengthy sewer trenching, and they fit well with the rural character and landscapes many residents value.

County growth history and how that has impacted septic coverage. Centre County grew outward from State College as Penn State expanded and families sought housing in nearby towns and countryside. This growth didn't always keep pace with sewer infrastructure, so many neighborhoods developed with on-site systems. In some areas, aging septic setups meet aging infrastructure needs, while other pockets benefited from newer sewer expansions. As the county matured, growth patterns created a patchwork: pockets with public sewer and large swaths where septic remains the practical, economical choice. The result is a practical mix of systems that requires careful maintenance and timely replacement planning.

High-level explanation (why septic exists here). On-site wastewater treatment is a durable, cost-effective solution for landowners who want to protect water quality and manage wastewater where central sewer isn't feasible. Properly designed, installed, and maintained septic systems fit the county's soils, space, and development history, providing a straightforward way for homes to stay comfortable and compliant.

Across this page you'll find practical, neighborly guidance—built from local experience and professional know-how—to help you navigate septic care, maintenance, and decisions in Centre County.

How Septic Is Regulated in Centre County

The state framework governs all septic systems

  • In Pennsylvania, onsite wastewater is regulated under the Pennsylvania Sewage Facilities Act.
  • The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PA DEP) runs the statewide Onsite Wastewater Program and sets the rules for design, permitting, inspections, and compliance.
  • Centre County follows these state standards, with local implementation and oversight to ensure systems are safe and properly installed.

Who enforces the rules in Centre County

  • The Centre County Health Department partners with PA DEP to administer septic regulations locally.
  • A certified Sewage Enforcement Officer (SEO) conducts plan reviews, issues permits, performs inspections, and ensures installations meet code.
  • In many municipalities, the local authority handles permitting; in unincorporated areas, the county SEO typically oversees the process.

What needs a permit and what doesn't

  • Obtain a Sewage Facility Permit for:
    • New septic systems, significant replacements, or major changes to layout or components.
    • Substantial repairs that alter how a system functions (e.g., replacement of the tank, leach field changes).
  • Some minor maintenance or non-structural repairs may not require a new permit, but you must still follow applicable setback and soil guidelines.
  • Always check with your SEO or the county health department before starting work to confirm permit requirements for your project.

The review and installation process (step-by-step)

  1. Hire a qualified designer or installer who understands Centre County requirements and state code.
  2. Have the system design prepared and submitted to the appropriate local authority (SEO/County Health Department) for plan review and fee assessment.
  3. Obtain plan approval before starting any excavation or installation work.
  4. Install the system according to the approved plan and applicable codes, using a licensed contractor.
  5. Schedule inspections at key milestones (e.g., pre-backfill, after installation, and final) to verify proper placement and functionality.

Inspections and final approval

  • Inspections are conducted by the SEO or other designated county staff.
  • Inspections verify soil suitability, setback distances, tank placement, leach field configuration, and proper connections.
  • A certificate of compliance or equivalent final approval is issued when the system passes all required inspections and meets design specifications.

Maintenance and ongoing requirements

  • Some systems require ongoing operation and maintenance plans, especially alternative systems (e.g., mound systems, aerobic treatment units).
  • Maintain service records, pump-out logs, and inspection reports; many jurisdictions expect homeowners to retain records for the life of the system.
  • Regular pumping every 3–5 years (or per manufacturer/SEO recommendation) helps prevent failures and protects groundwater.
  • If you notice backups, gurgling, wet spots, or foul odors, contact your SEO or the health department promptly.

Fees, timelines, and common hurdles

  • Permitting and inspection fees vary by system type, lot size, and service area; your SEO will provide a current schedule during plan review.
  • Timelines depend on plan complexity, soil conditions, and workload; allow extra time if supplemental soil testing or special design features are needed.
  • Common delays happen when soil data is incomplete, plans aren't updated to reflect site conditions, or required backfill/compaction tests are missed. Clear communication with the SEO helps avoid holds.

Where to find official guidance

Soil, Groundwater & Environmental Factors in Centre County

Soils in Centre County

Centre County sits on a mosaic of soils formed from glacial deposits and bedrock influences. The soil characteristics most likely to affect septic performance are texture, drainage, and depth to restrictive layers.

  • Use the Web Soil Survey to identify your exact soil series, texture, and drainage class for the site. This official resource helps you understand how quickly water moves through the soil and where drainfields will perform best: [Web Soil Survey](https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/).
  • Look for depth to restrictive layers such as bedrock or fragipan. Shallow soils or soils with hard layers limit drainfield area and may require alternate designs.
  • Note texture and drainage. Well-drained loams and sandy loams generally support better effluent distribution than heavy clays that stay wet after rain.
  • Be aware of seasonal changes. Some Centre County soils become waterlogged during spring thaw or after heavy rains, which can affect percolation and system performance.
  • Be mindful of perched water or limestone pockets. Local geology can create pockets that impede infiltration even when the surface looks dry.

Groundwater considerations in Centre County

Many properties rely on private wells, so understanding groundwater is essential before siting an on-lot septic system.

  • Groundwater depth varies with hillside vs. valley locations and soil depth. Deep surveys and percolation tests help determine where effluent will soak in reliably.
  • Seasonal high water tables matter. Wet periods can reduce drainage capacity and increase the risk of surface pooling or field saturation.
  • Setbacks from wells and watercourses are critical. Check DEP guidance and your county's regulations for official minimum distances between drainfields, wells, streams, and springs: [On-lot Septic Systems (DEP)](https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/Plans/Pages/On-Lot-Septic-Systems.aspx).'>https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/Plans/Pages/On-Lot-Septic-Systems.aspx).
  • Floodplains and wetlands affect feasibility. Installations in flood-prone areas or wetlands require careful evaluation and often higher-cost designs or alternative locations.

Environmental factors that influence septic performance in Centre County

Environmental features play a big role in how well a septic system will work over time.

  • Slopes and erosion. Steep parcels (>12% grade) can complicate drainfield installation and maintenance; consult with a designer for suitable configurations (e.g., raised or mound systems).
  • Bedrock depth and karst features. Shallow bedrock or fractured limestone can create rapid vertical leakage paths or perched zones, altering distribution patterns.
  • Flood risk and seasonal weather. Areas near streams or in floodplains may require elevated or alternative systems to avoid inundation.
  • Water quality protection. Protecting groundwater reduces the risk of contaminating private wells and local waterways; proper setback distances and drainage design are central to this goal.
  • Local regulations and permitting. Centre County and PA DEP requirements govern site evaluation, setbacks, and system design; verify specifics with the DEP page above and local authorities.

Practical steps for Centre County homeowners

  1. Identify your soils and site features. Access the Web Soil Survey to confirm soil type, depth to restrictive layers, and drainage characteristics. [Web Soil Survey](https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/)
  2. Assess groundwater and flood risk. Determine depth to groundwater and whether the site lies in a floodplain or near wetlands. See DEP guidance for septic setbacks and standards: [On-lot Septic Systems (DEP)](https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/Plans/Pages/On-Lot-Septic-Systems.aspx)
  3. Engage a qualified septic designer early. Have the designer review soil data, groundwater conditions, and site topography to propose a system type (conventional vs. mound, etc.) suited to Centre County conditions.
  4. Verify local regulations. Confirm permit requirements and setback rules with the PA DEP and your county conservation district or local zoning office.
  5. Plan for long-term protection. Select a system design that accommodates seasonal moisture, maintains proper drainage, and allows for regular inspection and pumping to safeguard groundwater and soil conditions. For general maintenance guidance, see DEP resources and your installer's recommendations.

Typical Septic System Types in Centre County

Conventional septic systems

  • What it is: A standard setup with a buried septic tank that separates solids from liquids, followed by a soil absorption area (drainfield) where effluent is distributed into the soil.
  • Where it works in Centre County: Works well on soils with adequate depth to groundwater and good-drained subsoil.
  • How it works (quick steps):
    1. Waste enters the tank and solids settle to the bottom.
    2. Scum and clarified liquid exit the tank to the drainfield.
    3. The soil absorption area treats the effluent as it percolates away from the lines.
  • Pros: Typically the lowest cost; widely used; simple to service.
  • Cons: Requires suitable soil conditions; a high water table or restrictive layers can cause failures; regular pumping is essential.
  • Maintenance tips: Have the tank pumped every 3–5 years, inspect the tank and baffles, avoid flushing solids or non-biodegradable items.

Chamber or bed drainfield systems (gravity or pressure distribution)

  • What it is: A modern alternative using plastic chambers or beds instead of traditional gravel trenches.
  • Where it works: Good option when space is limited or soils are marginal but still allow treatment in the absorption area.
  • How it works (quick steps):
    1. Effluent enters distribution lines under the chambers.
    2. Chambers or beds store and distribute wastewater evenly into the soil.
    3. Soil in contact with the chambers treats the effluent.
  • Pros: Easier and faster installation, often better suitability for shallow or narrow sites; can be less susceptible to trench collapse.
  • Cons: Still depends on adequate soil conditions; higher upfront cost than a basic gravity system.
  • Maintenance tips: Regular inspections and pumping as needed; keep heavy vehicles off the beds; ensure proper cover and vegetation.

Sand mound systems

  • What it is: A raised bed of sand over the native soil, with a dosing chamber feeding effluent to the mound.
  • When it's used: Selected for sites with high water tables, shallow soil, or restrictive layers where a conventional drainfield can't function.
  • How it works (quick steps):
    1. Effluent is dosed into a sand layer above the native soil.
    2. The sand and underlying layers provide treatment before discharge to the absorption area.
    3. Treated effluent leaches slowly into the subsoil.
  • Pros: Can make challenging soils workable; often compliant where other systems won't fit.
  • Cons: More expensive to install and maintain; visible mound height and access considerations.
  • Maintenance tips: Annual or periodic professional evaluation; avoid compaction near the mound; monitor any surface odors or wet spots.

Aerobic treatment units (ATUs)

  • What it is: A powered, aerobically fed system that pretreats wastewater before it enters the drainfield, delivering higher quality effluent.
  • When it's used: Helpful where soils are less than ideal, or where space is limited and a smaller drainfield is possible.
  • How it works (quick steps):
    1. Wastewater is aerated and treated in an aerobic chamber.
    2. Treated effluent then moves to the soil absorption area or a secondary treatment zone.
    3. A control panel and alarms monitor system performance.
  • Pros: Higher treatment efficiency; can support smaller or more flexible drainfields.
  • Cons: Requires electricity and regular service; more components means more maintenance and potential failures.
  • Maintenance tips: Schedule professional servicing every 3–6 months, keep the control panel and alarms clear, and maintain access lids and venting.

Holding tanks and other non-drainfield options

  • What it is: In rare cases where a drainfield isn't feasible, a holding tank may be used while a replacement site is explored.
  • Pros: Prevents uncontrolled wastewater release when no drainfield is possible.
  • Cons: Requires frequent pumping and removal; not a long-term solution in most residential settings; permits and regulations vary.
  • Maintenance tips: Pump on a strict schedule, monitor for odors, and coordinate with the local health department.

Nutrient-removal and specialty systems

  • What it is: Advanced designs intended to minimize nutrient loads (especially nitrogen) in sensitive areas near streams, wells, or with strict local requirements.
  • When it's used: In environmentally sensitive Centre County locations or where local codes require enhanced treatment.
  • Pros: Better protection of groundwater and surface water quality.
  • Cons: Higher upfront and ongoing costs; more complex maintenance.
  • Maintenance tips: Work with a licensed designer and installer; follow the prescribed maintenance plan and keep records.

Official resources:

Typical Septic Issues Across Centre County

Common issues from overuse and household habits

  • Hydraulic overload from simultaneous use: multiple showers, laundry, and dishwashing can push a system beyond its capacity, especially in smaller tanks.
  • Fats, oils, and greases, along with harsh cleaners and solvents, kill beneficial bacteria and clog components over time.
  • Garbage disposals add solids to the tank; frequent disposal can shorten service intervals and reduce efficiency.
  • Flushing non-flushable items (wet wipes, diapers, feminine hygiene products, cat litter) leads to blockages and invites backups.
  • Household chemicals and pesticides can disrupt the treatment process and contaminate groundwater if misused.
  • A lack of routine maintenance increases the risk of hidden failures and costly repairs.

Tips to reduce risk:

  1. Space high-water events apart (e.g., run full-load laundry on off-peak days).
  2. Use septic-safe products and avoid pouring chemicals down the drain.
  3. Minimize disposal of solids; compost what you can and avoid flushable claims.
  4. Teach family members what belongs in the toilet and what doesn't.

For official guidance on maintenance and pumping intervals, see PA DEP's Onlot Sewage System Program: You can also consult Penn State Extension resources:

Drain field and soil problems

  • Tree roots encroaching on lines or field trenches are a common Centre County issue, especially around mature maples and oaks.
  • Compacted soil over the drain field from foot traffic, vehicles, or heavy equipment reduces infiltration and slows effluent treatment.
  • Excess groundwater from roof drainage, sump pumps, or heavy rainfall saturates the soil and hampers percolation.
  • Poorly sized or poorly installed drain fields fail to distribute effluent evenly, leading to surface pooling and odors.

What to do:

  • Keep vehicles and heavy equipment off the drain field; establish clear clearance around lines.
  • Redirect downspouts and surface water away from the septic area; ensure soil grading directs water away.
  • Plant shallow-rooted vegetation near the system to stabilize soil, but avoid planting trees with aggressive roots near the field.
  • Hire a licensed septic contractor to evaluate field conditions and recommend a remedy, including potential field replacement if needed. Official guidelines and inspections are described by PA DEP: and .'>https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/WaterQuality/WaterQualityPrograms/OnlotSewageSystem/Pages/default.aspx.

    • Seasonal and weather factors in Centre County

    • Freeze-thaw cycles can shift soil moisture and damage shallow lines; snowmelt can saturate drain fields in spring.
    • Seasonal homes that run on high usage during visits require careful planning to avoid overloading a dormant system.
    • Wet springs and heavy rainfall push more water into the system, increasing the chance of surface pooling or backups.

    What homeowners can do:

    • Space out seasonal usage and avoid heavy loads during wet periods.
    • Ensure proper winterization and protect access risers from freezing soils.
    • Have systems evaluated after severe weather events, particularly if you notice damp patches or odors.

    Signs your system needs attention

    • Slow drains, frequent backups, or gurgling sounds in pipes.
    • Strong sewer odors around the house or drain field.
    • Soggy, marshy areas or unusually lush grass over the drain field.
    • Tank or riser access lids that are exposed or damaged.

    If you suspect a problem, avoid chemical cleaners and harsh drain remedies. Contact a licensed septic professional for an assessment. Official guidance and troubleshooting resources are available at PA DEP (Onlot Sewage System Program): https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/WaterQuality/WaterQualityPrograms/OnlotSewageSystem/Pages/default.aspx and PSU Extension: https://extension.psu.edu/septic-systems.'>https://extension.psu.edu/septic-systems. For broader federal information on septic systems, visit EPA: https://www.epa.gov/septic.

Septic Inspection, Permits & Local Oversight

Local oversight in Centre County

  • In Pennsylvania, on-lot septic systems are regulated at the state level but enforced locally. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (PA DEP) sets the standards, while the Centre County Conservation District staff (the Sewage Enforcement Officer, or SEO) handles permits, inspections, site evaluations, and enforcement at the county level.
  • What this means for you: your permit, installation, and any required repairs are coordinated through the Centre County Conservation District (the local SEO) with guidance aligned to PA DEP rules.
  • Quick access: PA DEP oversees statewide policies and can direct you to your local SEO, and Centre County government pages can help you find the right Conservation District contact. Official resource: https://www.dep.pa.gov and Centre County's main site: https://www.centrecountypa.gov

When you need a permit or inspection

  • New septic system installation or replacement
  • Major repairs or upgrades to an existing system
  • Systems that require moving, rebuilding, or adding capacity
  • Real estate transfer inspections in some municipalities
  • If your project changes wastewater flow (e.g., finished basement, added bathrooms)

How to apply for a permit (step-by-step)

  1. Hire the right professionals
  2. Work with a PA-licensed designer or soil scientist as needed to prepare a compliant plan.
  3. You may also engage a licensed contractor for installation following the approved design.
  4. Prepare the design and supporting documentation
  5. Site/soil evaluation, drain-field layout, and a complete septic system design that meets state and local requirements.
  6. Submit to the local authority for review
  7. Submit the plan, forms, and soils information to the Centre County Conservation District (the local SEO). They review for code compliance and site suitability.
  8. Pay fees and wait for approval
  9. Permit fees cover plan review and inspections. Allow time for plan review, any back-and-forth questions, and final approval.
  10. Schedule installation and inspections
  11. After approval, hire a licensed installer. The SEO will schedule required inspections at key milestones:
    • Pre-install soil/area preparation
    • Tank placement and initial trenching/piping
    • Final installation and aerobic/alternative components (if used)
  12. Obtain the as-built/operational approval
  13. Once installation is complete and meets all requirements, you'll receive an as-built drawing and final permit approval.

What to expect during inspections

  • Soil evaluation and setback verification
  • Tank placement, liners, baffles, and connection to the home
  • Pipe trenching, backfill, and bedding
  • Proper venting, cleanouts, and separate components (filters, pump tanks, dosing chambers)
  • System testing and odor/smell checks
  • Verification that the final as-built matches the approved design

Real estate transfers and ongoing responsibilities

  • Real estate transfer inspections may be required when buying or selling property with an on-lot system.
  • Maintain accurate records: as-built drawings, permit numbers, inspection reports, and maintenance schedules.
  • O&M planning: keep a simple maintenance log (pump-outs, filter changes, inspections) so you're prepared for future sales or upgrades.

Ongoing maintenance and recordkeeping

  • Schedule regular pump-outs as recommended by the installer or SEO.
  • Keep all permits, inspection reports, and the approved design in a safe place.
  • If you lease or sell, be prepared to show maintenance history and the current system status.

Helpful official resources

  • PA DEP Onsite Sewage / Onlot Sewage Management (state guidance and links to local programs): https://www.dep.pa.gov/Business/Land/Waste/Sewage-Management/Onlot-Sewage-Management/Pages/default.aspx
  • Centre County Government (find contact information for the Conservation District and SEO in Centre County): https://www.centrecountypa.gov
  • Centre County Conservation District (local resource for permits, inspections, and SEO contact): access via the Centre County government site to reach the Conservation District office and SEO in Centre County.

Cost Expectations for Septic Services in Centre County

Septic Tank Pumping and Cleaning

  • What it includes: removing accumulated sludge and scum from the septic tank, inspecting baffles and access risers, and ensuring lids are secure. In Centre County, many homes use older tanks with limited access, so crews may need to clear pathways or adjust risers.
  • Centre County notes: access challenges (barns, outbuildings, tight driveways) and tank sizes outside standard 1,000–1,500 gallons are common. Expect potential add-ons for getting equipment into tight spaces.
  • Typical cost in Centre County: roughly $200–$500 for standard 1,000–1,500 gallon tanks; larger tanks or difficult access can push to $600–$800. Travel fees may apply for remote properties.
  • Official resources: PA Department of Environmental Protection, Sewage Facilities Program (SFPP) information and permit guidance:

Camera Inspection of Septic Lines

  • What it includes: video assessment of sewer lines from the house to the tank and along the disposal field; detects root intrusion, cracks, offset joints, and laterals.
  • Centre County notes: root intrusion is a common issue in older lots; camera work helps plan repairs before a failure.
  • Typical cost in Centre County: $150–$400 depending on length and accessibility; some providers charge more if access requires excavation or intricate routing.
  • Official resources: EPA Septic Smart overview for line care and diagnostics:

Drain Field Repair and Leach Field Replacement

New Septic System Installation

Aerobic Treatment Unit (ATU) Maintenance and Repairs

  • What it includes: regular service visits, replacement of pumps and motors, dosing system checks, filter cleaning, and alarm testing.
  • Centre County notes: ATUs are common in compact lots with limited drain field space; annual maintenance contracts help prevent surprises during inspections.
  • Typical cost in Centre County: $300–$700 per year for routine service; major repairs or part replacements may exceed $1,000.
  • Official resources: EPA and DEP guidance on ATU operation and maintenance: https://www.epa.gov/septic/septic-system-care and DEP ATU informational pages (state-specific guidance varies by district)

Perc Test / Soil Evaluation (Design Phase)

Permits, Design, and Fees

numbered steps to plan costs:

  1. Get at least 2–3 written estimates for the specific project scope.
  2. Check with the Centre County Conservation District about required permits and local design requirements.
  3. Consider seasonal scheduling and access issues that can affect price and timeline.
  4. Factor in potential travel fees and emergency service premiums for after-hours work.

Septic vs Sewer Across Centre County

How the two systems work

  • Septic system: Your home handles waste on-site with a septic tank and a drainage field. Regular pumping and maintenance keep solids from clogging the system.
  • Public sewer: Wastewater leaves your home via a main line to a municipal or regional sewer treatment plant. You're billed for service and maintenance is handled by the authority.

Availability matters

  • Not every property in Centre County is connected to sewer. Check your property's inclusion in the local sewer service area before planning any major system change.
  • Where sewer is available, there's often a "hookup window" driven by capacity, approvals, and distance to the sewer main.

Costs you should expect

  • Septic system life cycle
    • Installation: one‑time cost for design and replacement (if new) depending on lot and perk tests.
    • Maintenance: pump every 3–5 years (more often in some soils), periodic inspections, and occasional repairs.
    • Replacement: when a system fails, total replacement can be substantial and may involve soil tests and permits.
  • Sewer connection
    • Hookup fees: connection or impact fees charged by the sewer authority.
    • Availability fees: some areas charge monthly service fees plus capital improvements or assessments.
    • Ongoing bills: monthly or quarterly sewer usage charges based on established meters or dwelling size.

Maintenance and lifespan

  • Septic systems
    • Schedule: pump tank every 3–5 years (more often for homes with garbage disposals or high wastewater flow).
    • Protect the drainfield: avoid heavy vehicles on the field, plant only appropriate grasses, and prevent tree roots from intruding.
    • Inspections: have a qualified technician check baffles, sludge levels, and effluent quality during pumping.
  • Sewer connections
    • Maintenance is typically handled by the sewer authority. You'll still need to watch for causing blockages in your service line (from your home to the main), and you'll be billed by the authority.

Environmental and home value considerations

  • On-lot septic vs sewer tie-in can affect property values and resale timelines. Properties with reliable sewer access may be valued differently than those relying on septic, especially in areas prone to high groundwater, soils issues, or seasonal flooding.
  • Environmental impact: properly designed and maintained septic systems protect groundwater and nearby wells; improper maintenance can lead to nutrient leakage or system failure, which public sewers help mitigate.

Quick decision steps

  1. Check sewer availability for your parcel:
    • Contact the local authority or use county GIS maps to confirm sewer service area.
  2. Compare costs over 20+ years:
    • Gather quotes for septic replacement/repairs versus anticipated sewer hookup fees and ongoing charges.
  3. Assess site conditions:
    • Soil tests, well proximity, and lot size influence septic viability and cost.
  4. Consider timing and grants/financing:
    • Some local programs or state incentives can offset costs for failing systems or sewer upgrades.
  5. Consult licensed professionals:
    • Get at least two evaluations from septic designers/contractors and confirm sewer authority requirements.

Resources to consult

Practical checklist for homeowners in Centre County

  • Confirm sewer service area status for your address.
  • Gather quotes for septic replacement, including soil tests and permits.
  • Obtain sewer hookup costs and ongoing monthly charges from the local sewer authority.
  • Schedule a septic inspection if you currently rely on a septic system.
  • Review any local incentives or financing options for upgrades or conversions.