Septic in Larimore, ND

Welcome to Larimore's septic guide—where neighborly know-how meets practical, field-tested advice. In a town like ours, you'll notice homes spread a bit wider apart and often not linked to a city sewer. That means your wastewater solution is likely on-site, right in your own yard.

Is septic common in Larimore? Should I expect septic if I own or buy a home? Yes—it's common, especially on older or more rural properties and in areas where a centralized sewer line hasn't been extended. If your Larimore home isn't connected to a municipal sewer system, you'll typically have a septic system. Some newer or town-located properties may still be on city sewer, but for many single-family homes in town and in surrounding neighborhoods, a septic system is the standard setup.

Why homes typically use septic systems in Larimore

• Rural and semi-rural layout: Homes often sit on individual lots with space for a drainfield, making on-site treatment practical and cost-effective.
• Infrastructure realities: Extending sewer mainlines to every property can be expensive and logistically challenging in this area.
• Independence and reliability: A well-designed septic system lets a home handle wastewater locally, without waiting for utility upgrades or outages.
• Local soil and groundwater considerations: The soil types and drainage in many parts of the region are well-suited to septic drainfields when installed and maintained properly.

High-level explanation (why septic exists here)

A septic system exists to treat and dispose of household wastewater on-site when centralized treatment isn't nearby or cost-effective. It starts with a septic tank that separates solids from liquids; clarified effluent then moves to a drainfield where soil and biology complete the treatment. In Larimore, that on-site approach remains a practical, long-standing solution for homes not served by a public sewer, providing a dependable way to manage wastewater while protecting your property and the local environment.

What this means for homeowners

• Expect maintenance: plan for periodic inspections and pumping every few years (typical ranges are 3–5 years, depending on usage and tank size).
• Watch for red flags: backups, gurgling sounds, soggy spots in the drainfield, or strong sewer odors warrant a professional check.
• Use and care: minimize harsh chemicals, grease, and non-biodegradables; practice water-smart habits to reduce load.
• Stay compliant: work with licensed septic professionals for any repairs, and follow local permitting guidelines when upgrading or replacing parts of the system.

A bit of practical, local-knowledge guidance goes a long way—we're here to help you keep your Larimore septic system reliable and long-lasting. In the next sections, you'll find step-by-step care tips and what to ask when you're shopping for service.

Where Septic Systems Are Common in Larimore

Common Locations in Larimore

• Rural farmsteads and acreage parcels outside the city limits rely on septic systems because municipal sewer lines often don't reach distant properties.
• Older residential blocks on the town's fringe where sewer mains were never extended or where private wells are used, making on-site systems a practical option.
• Properties with private wells and limited access to public utilities, where state and local regulations emphasize separation between well intakes and septic components.
• Seasonal or weekend homes, rentals, and properties with smaller-scale, local water and waste needs that don't justify extending sewer service.

Why Septic Systems Are Widespread Here

• Cost and practicality: Extending sewer mains to sparsely populated or irregularly shaped parcels can be expensive; on-site systems offer a more economical solution for individual properties.
• Lot size and layout: Many Larimore parcels are large enough to accommodate a standard septic tank and leach field, while compact urban lots often have different wastewater approaches.
• Local regulations and safety: North Dakota requirements for septic design, installation, and maintenance help ensure systems protect groundwater and wells, which are common in rural areas. For official guidance, visit the North Dakota Department of Health Onsite Wastewater Program:
• Soil and drainage patterns: Soils that drain well and have enough depth to place a leach field are common in the region, supporting conventional systems; where soils or water tables pose challenges, alternative designs are used (mounded systems, sand filters, etc.).

Soil, Drainage, and Groundwater Considerations in Larimore

• Soil variety matters: Larimore's soils range from well-drained loams to silty textures. Proper site evaluation is essential to choose the right system type. A soil test or percolation test guides design decisions.
• Water table and recharge: Areas with shallow groundwater or seasonal high water table require careful setback planning and potentially alternative wastewater solutions to prevent surface or groundwater impacts.
• Proximity to wells: Regulations emphasize keeping septic components a safe distance from wells to prevent contamination, which influences where leach fields can be placed.

Neighborhood Patterns and Land Use

• The town core vs rural outskirts: The central area may be serviced by municipal sewer where available; outskirts and nearby farms rely on on-site systems.
• Home sizes and lot divisions: Larger lots often allow more flexible leach-field placement, while smaller or irregular parcels necessitate careful design to meet setback and absorption requirements.
• Maintenance culture: In Larimore, homeowners with septic systems tend to follow routine maintenance (regular pumping, inspections) to extend system life and protect groundwater.

How to Access Official Guidance and Permitting

• North Dakota Department of Health Onsite Wastewater Program provides design, permitting, and inspection requirements for septic systems: https://www.health.nd.gov/onsite-wastewater.
• EPA resources explain basic septic system operation and maintenance, including sizing and common issues: https://www.epa.gov/septic.

Practical Steps for Homeowners (Overview)

1. Confirm service status: Is your property on municipal sewer or a private septic system? Check with the city, county, or a licensed designer.
2. Hire a licensed onsite wastewater professional for a site evaluation and system design aligned with ND DoH guidance.
3. Conduct soil and percolation tests as part of the design process to select the appropriate system type (standard, mound, or other approved designs).
4. Obtain the necessary permits and schedule inspections through the local authority and ND DoH.
5. Maintain the system: pump at recommended intervals, protect the drain field from heavy equipment and landscaping, and avoid flushing non-water items or chemicals that can disrupt system activity.

Septic vs Sewer: What Homeowners in Larimore Should Know

How septic systems and public sewer differ

• Septic = private on-site system (tank and drain field) on your property; sewer = wastewater goes to a municipal plant via public lines.
• Ownership and responsibility: you maintain and replace a septic system; the city or district maintains the sewer main and collection system.
• Space and siting: septic needs adequate lot space and an appropriately sized drain field; sewer relies on city infrastructure and utility connections.
• Typical risks: septic failures cause local backups and groundwater concerns; sewer issues are usually system-wide or main-line problems handled by the utility.

Costs and long-term planning in Larimore

• Septic installation and replacement: roughly $5,000 to $15,000+ depending on soil, tank size, and field layout.
• Regular maintenance: pumping every 3–5 years is common; annual inspections can catch problems early.
• Sewer connection costs: if you're in a service area, expect upfront connection fees plus ongoing monthly or quarterly sewer bills. Local requirements vary, so get formal estimates from the city or utility.
• Long-term value: a well-maintained septic system protects your property value; a failed system can lead to costly repairs and health risks.

When to connect to sewer

1. Confirm service availability with the City of Larimore or your local utility.
2. Obtain official connection costs, timelines, and any mandatory timelines or ordinances.
3. Have a licensed contractor compare septic replacement versus sewer hookup costs and timelines.
4. Choose the option that aligns with your budget, home plans, and neighborhood plans for the next 20–30 years.

Maintenance basics for a healthy system

• Schedule: have a professional inspect a newer system every 1–3 years; pump every 3–5 years as a baseline.
• Water use: spread out loads, fix leaks, and install efficient fixtures to reduce stress on the system.
• What goes in: avoid flushing wipes, grease, solvents, pesticides, and harsh chemicals; dispose of oils and chemicals at proper facilities.
• Drain-field care: prevent heavy equipment over the field, plant with shallow-rooted grasses, and avoid paving over the area.
• Seasonal care: in cold climates, ensure proper insulation around tanks and lines to minimize frost-related issues.

Climate and soil considerations in North Dakota

• Soil matters most: leach-field size and percolation rate drive system design more than climate alone.
• Freeze risk: cold winters require proper frost protection and drainage management around the tank and field.
• Seasonal use: heavy irrigation or long dry spells can affect performance; plan for variable loads.

Common myths and mistakes

• Myth: You don't need pumping with a modern system; reality: routine pumping extends life and prevents backups.
• Myth: Sewer connections are always cheaper; reality: upfront and ongoing costs vary by distance, infrastructure, and local rules.

Official resources

• North Dakota Department of Health — Septic Systems:
• U.S. EPA Onsite Wastewater Systems: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Typical Septic System Types in Larimore

Conventional gravity septic systems

This is the standard residential setup: a buried septic tank receives household wastewater, and effluent flows by gravity into a soil absorption field (drainfield). It works best in soils with uniform permeability and sufficient depth to groundwater.

• Key components: septic tank, distribution box, perforated drain lines, and a soil absorption area.
• Pros: simple design, fewer moving parts, lower ongoing maintenance.
• Cons: requires adequate soil permeability and a stable lot; high water use can overwhelm the system.
• Practical tips: keep heavy loads, grease, and chemicals out of sinks; pump every 3–5 years or as recommended after inspections; have the tank inspected after major drain events or renovations.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Chamber or gravelless drainfield systems

Chamber systems replace buried gravel with prefabricated plastic chambers that create wide, open drainage spaces. They can be easier to install in tight lots or on slopes and may offer better frost protection.

• How it works: the septic tank effluent enters perforated pipes that lay in shallow, chambered beds.
• Pros: lighter weight, faster installation, efficient use of space.
• Cons: higher upfront cost, performance depends on proper chamber spacing and soil conditions.
• Maintenance note: regular inspections, avoid heavy equipment over the field, and follow pump schedules recommended by the installer.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Mound systems

Mounds are raised drainfields built above the native soil with a sand fill to create an effective absorption area where soils are too shallow or too permeable to support a conventional drainfield.

• When used: shallow bedrock, high water table, or perched water in the native soils.
• Key features: a dosing tank, a short laterals network, and a raised sand mound with an infiltration bed.
• Pros: expands usable area and protects groundwater in challenging soils.
• Cons: requires more land area, higher construction and maintenance costs, and regular professional oversight.
• Practical note: site engineering is essential; check local code and health department guidelines.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Sand filter systems

In areas where soil conditions limit rapid infiltration, a sand filter can provide a second stage of treatment before effluent enters the drainfield.

• How it works: settled effluent from the septic tank passes through a sand bed, where physical and biological processes further treat it.
• Pros: improves effluent quality and can extend the life of the drainfield.
• Cons: adds another treatment stage and maintenance task (backwashing and occasional media replacement).
• Maintenance tip: monitor for clogging, ensure proper distribution, and follow service intervals.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Aerobic Treatment Units (ATU)

ATUs treat wastewater with mechanical aeration to boost bacterial action, producing higher-quality effluent than a standard septic tank.

• How it works: aerobic digestion inside a dedicated tank, usually with an electrical pump and aerator.
• Pros: better performance in soils with limited absorption or high groundwater; can support smaller or more compact drainfields.
• Cons: higher energy use, more routine service, and stricter maintenance requirements.
• Maintenance note: annual service contracts are common; ensure power supply and alarms are functional; follow local code for discharge limits.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Pressure distribution and other advanced options

Pressure distribution uses a pump to force effluent through evenly spaced laterals, improving field performance in soils with variable permeability. Some systems pair pressure distribution with ATUs or chamber beds for added reliability.

• Benefits: more uniform loading of the drainfield, reduced risk of overloading any single trench.
• Considerations: higher upfront cost and more complex maintenance; must be installed to code.
• Drip dispersal (where permitted): a newer option in some jurisdictions that slowly delivers effluent through small tubing to the soil, often used with treated effluent from an ATU.

Learn more: https://www.epa.gov/septic

Notes for Larimore homeowners

• Soil conditions matter most: local soil surveys and percolation tests help determine which type fits best.
• Local regulations vary: always verify with the North Dakota Department of Health or your county health authority before planning a system.
• For official guidance, see EPA's septic resources: https://www.epa.gov/septic
• For state-specific guidelines and permitting: consult the North Dakota Department of Health onsite wastewater information.

Common Septic Issues in Larimore

Flooding and high water table affecting drain fields

Larimore's location near flood-prone areas and seasonal thaws can raise the groundwater around a septic drain field. When the field sits in saturated soil, effluent has nowhere to go, leading to backups, surface wet spots, and strong odors.

• Signs: soggy soil above the drain field, standing water near the tank or leach field, lush green grass over the field, repeated backups.
• Why it happens here: river-related flooding, spring rainfall, and clay-heavy soils that drain slowly.
• What to do: reduce irrigation during wet periods; avoid driving or placing heavy loads on the drain field when soil is saturated; have a licensed septic professional evaluate for possible upgrades (such as a mound or pressure-dosed system) if wet conditions persist.

Official resources to consult: EPA septic guidance (

Root intrusion and landscaping threats

Trees and shrubs planted near the system can send roots into pipes and tanks, causing blockages and backups.

• Signs: sudden backups, slower drainage, or roots visible in the inspection port.
• Why it happens here: landscaping choices near the drain field often overlook root growth.
• What to do: maintain a clear buffer between vegetation and the drain field; install root barriers if trees are nearby; have lines inspected if issues appear.

Aging systems and improper disposal practices

Older septic tanks and drain fields are more susceptible to failure, especially if household waste streams include aggressive cleaners, chemicals, or non-biodegradable items.

• Signs: frequent backups, odors, or wet spots.
• Why it happens here: many homes in older neighborhoods rely on legacy designs or aging components.
• What to do: schedule regular pumping and inspections; avoid flushing wipes, grease, solvents, pesticides, or oils; use enzyme-based cleaners sparingly if at all.

Official resources: EPA septic basics; NDDoH site for onsite wastewater disposal information (health.nd.gov).

Overuse and seasonal usage patterns

High daily water use from showers, laundry, dishwashing, and lawn irrigation can overwhelm a system, especially when paired with a stagnant or saturated drain field.

• Signs: frequent backups after large loads, slow drains, or backed-up fixtures.
• What to do: spread out water use, install water-saving devices, and match usage to the system's capacity between seasons.

Official resources: EPA septic systems page (https://www.epa.gov/septic) and NDSU Extension guidance on water conservation and septic systems (https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/extension).

What to do if you notice a problem

1. Limit water use and scan for obvious causes (overuse, backup odors, wet spots).
2. Call a licensed septic professional or NDDoH-listed inspector for a site evaluation.
3. Schedule septic pumping if the tank is full or nearing capacity.
4. Have the leach field and soil evaluated for drainage capability and potential upgrades.
5. Plan preventive maintenance and discuss long-term solutions with a pro.

Official resources for guidance during evaluation: EPA septic overview (https://www.epa.gov/septic) and NDDoH information on onsite wastewater systems (health.nd.gov).

Septic Inspection, Permits & Local Oversight

Oversight in Larimore, ND

On-site septic systems in North Dakota are regulated through the state Onsite Wastewater program at the North Dakota Department of Health (ND DoH), with day-to-day permitting and inspections handled by your local county health unit and/or city building department. In Larimore, you'll typically work with the Larimore city government for local permits and with the county health department that serves your property for inspections and compliance. Always confirm who issues permits for your exact address by checking with City Hall and your county health office.

Permits you may need

• New system installation permit
• Major repair or complete replacement permit
• Drainfield or system upgrade permit (changing soil absorption or components)
• Permit related to real estate transfers or system disclosures (if required by local code)

Note: Some projects can require both a city permit and a county health permit. Start by confirming with the local city building department and the county health department before any work begins.

The inspection timeline: 5 practical steps

1. Confirm the approving authority
2. Ask City Hall (Larimore) and your county health department who issues permits for your project.
3. Gather preliminary documents
4. Property deed or parcel map
5. Any existing septic diagrams or as-built drawings
6. Recent photos of the system area and any known issues
7. Engage licensed professionals
8. ND requires licensed onsite wastewater installers and, for certain projects, design professionals. Check the ND DoH site for licensing details and directories.
9. Submit the permit package
10. Include plans, site map, soil observations (perc tests or soil evaluations if required), and any supporting documents.
11. Schedule inspections
12. Plan milestones: pre-installation (if applicable), during installation, and final as-built inspection after work is complete.

What inspectors look for

• Proper tank placement, accessibility, and correct lid locations
• Appropriate tank size and correct separation distances from wells, water lines, and property lines
• Drainfield integrity: grade, compaction, and absence of surface ponding
• Correct effluent distribution, piping, and venting
• Access risers, cleanouts, and safety features
• Compliance with setback requirements and local codes
• Adequate recordkeeping: permits, inspection reports, and as-built documentation

After the inspection: records, corrections & compliance

• If deficiencies are found, inspectors provide a written action plan and timeline for remediation.
• Keep all permit approvals, inspection reports, and final as-built documentation in a safe place for future maintenance or real estate transactions.
• When work is completed to code, request final approval or an updated as-built record.

Quick-start tips for Larimore homeowners

• Start early: verify permitting needs before any digging or demolition.
• Keep communications in writing when possible (emails or portal submissions).
• Hire licensed installers and request ND DoH license verification.
• Maintain a simple folder with permits, inspection reports, and as-built diagrams for easy reference.

Helpful resources

• North Dakota Department of Health – Onsite Wastewater (OWTS) program:
• Local authorities: contact Larimore City Hall for city permits and the county health department for inspections; verify the exact responsible office for your address before starting work.

Septic Maintenance for Homes in Larimore

Seasonal considerations for Larimore

• Cold winters and ice can slow down biological activity in the tank and freeze vulnerable components if access is neglected. Keep lids accessible and clear of snow, but avoid digging around the tank.
• Spring thaw and rising groundwater can push more water through the system. Plan for a period of lighter use or stagger laundry and dishwashing during peak thaw to protect the drain field.
• In older Larimore neighborhoods, trees and shrubs with deep roots near the drainage field can cause system compartment clogging. Use shallow-rooted vegetation and keep lawn areas over the field to minimize root intrusion.

Regular maintenance checklist

1. Identify tank size and layout
2. Locate the septic tank and know its capacity (typical residential tanks range from 750 to 1,500 gallons). If you don't know the size, have a licensed professional locate and mark the tank.
3. Schedule pumping every 3–5 years (adjust for use)
4. Most standard homes with normal wastewater flow benefit from pumping every 3–5 years. Homes with heavy use, a garbage disposal, or a smaller tank may need more frequent pumping. An annual professional inspection can help fine-tune the schedule.
5. Have a licensed septic professional inspect
6. Inspections should cover tank integrity, baffles, inlet/outlet pipes, and the drain field. If a pump chamber or aerobic unit is present, ensure return lines and alarms are working.
7. Practice septic-safe operation
8. Use water efficiently; repair leaks promptly. Install a lint filter on the washing machine and avoid disposing of fats, oils, grease, and household chemicals down drains.

Common Larimore-specific issues to watch

• Drain-field saturation from spring runoff or a high water table can lead to slow drains or surface effluent. If you notice pooled water on the drain field or strong odors, call a pro promptly.
• Freezing of distribution lines or lids can occur if access is compromised. Keep lids accessible, insulated if needed, and avoid excavating around the tank in winter unless directed by a pro.
• Root intrusion around the field is more likely if trees or shrubs were planted nearby. Monitor for signs of roots near the leach field and consult a professional before attempting any trench work.
• Seasonal homes and variable occupancy can create pressure on the system. Consider scheduling an off-season pump and inspection if the home is not continuously occupied.

Protecting the drain field year-round

• Limit heavy vehicle or equipment traffic on the drain field to prevent soil compaction.
• Keep large, water-intensive activities (e.g., major remodeling, landscaping with a sprinkler system) from running concurrently whenever possible.
• Maintain a grassy, shallow-rooted cover over the drain field; avoid paving or erecting structures directly above it.

What to do if you notice trouble

1. Noticeable backups, strong odors, or soggy spots?
2. Pause water use, especially in upstairs baths and laundry. Do not attempt to pump yourself out of a tank without professional guidance.
3. Call a licensed septic professional or the local health authority
4. A quick assessment can prevent costly repairs. In Larimore, contact a local, licensed septic contractor who understands North Dakota climate conditions.
5. Document and plan
6. Keep maintenance records, pumping dates, and inspection reports so you can adjust your schedule based on observed performance.

Resources

• EPA: Septic Systems guidance and homeowner tips — https://www.epa.gov/septic
• North Dakota Department of Health: Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems and local regulations — https://www.health.nd.gov
• EPA homeowner guide (for reference) — https://www.epa.gov/septic/septic-systems-homeowner-guide

Cost Expectations for Septic Services in Larimore

Homeowners in Larimore, ND typically rely on a core set of septic services. Below are the common options, what each service includes (with notes on what's unique to Larimore), and typical costs you can expect in our area. Prices vary by tank size, soil conditions, system type, and contractor.

Septic Tank Pumping and Cleaning

• What it includes: removing the accumulated sludge and scum from the tank, inspecting inlet/outlet baffles, checking for leaks, and confirming appropriate flow along the effluent pipe.
• Larimore specifics: most homes have 1,000–1,500 gallon tanks. In winter, access can be tougher and roads may require plowing or salt; contractors may charge a small winter access premium. Regular pumping every 3–5 years is common, with more frequent service for heavy use or older systems.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $250–$500; larger tanks or difficult access can push toward $500–$700.
• Quick prep: have the tank size and any prior pumping history handy.

Septic System Inspection

• What it includes: visual inspection of the tank exterior and covers, baffles and inlet/outlet pipes, distribution box, drainage field performance, odors, and overall system condition. May include dye testing or a camera inspection if accessible.
• Larimore specifics: cold winters can mask issues; a thorough inspection often includes evaluating frost-related considerations and surface drainage to prevent seasonal problems.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $150–$350.
• Quick prep: locate the tank access and any prior inspection notes.

Drain Field Evaluation / Perc Test

• What it includes: soil and drainage assessment to determine if the field is viable and what type of field (trench, bed, mound) is appropriate; may include percolation testing and a design recommendation.
• Larimore specifics: soils in our area can include glacial deposits that affect absorption rates; results directly impact system design and any needed repairs or replacements.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $300–$750.
• Quick prep: be ready to share nearby wells or existing field locations.

Septic System Installation (New) or Replacement

• What it includes: site evaluation, design, permits, excavation, tank installation, leach field or alternative system, backfill, startup checks.
• Larimore specifics: winter installation is possible but slower; local setbacks and code requirements (property lines, wells, and distance from structures) influence layout and cost.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $8,000–$25,000+, depending on soil conditions, tank size, and chosen drainage method.
• Quick prep: obtain any required permits and share lot layout with your contractor.

Septic System Repair

• What it includes: fixing damaged baffles or lids, replacing pumps or valves, repairing leaks, cleaning filters, and restoring proper flow.
• Larimore specifics: winter repairs can be more challenging due to cold ground and restricted access; parts availability may affect turnaround.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $150–$1,000+ (parts and labor vary with defect and location).
• Quick prep: identify symptoms (gurgling, odors, backup) and note any prior repairs.

Pump and Alarm Maintenance / Replacement

• What it includes: testing the septic pump and float switches, inspecting the alarm, replacing a failing pump or alarm if needed.
• Larimore specifics: many homes use ½–1 HP pumps; replacement costs can rise in rural areas due to hauling and part availability.
• Typical cost in Larimore: maintenance $100–$250; full pump replacement $500–$1,000+.
• Quick prep: confirm current pump model and alarm type.

Drain Line Jetting / Rooter

• What it includes: clearing clogged lines from the house to the tank and from the tank to the drain field; may include a camera inspection if accessible.
• Larimore specifics: root intrusion and mineral buildup can be common; ND soils can exacerbate blockages in older systems.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $150–$450.
• Quick prep: note any recurring backups and whether roots are visible.

Tank Risers, Lids, and Access Improvements

• What it includes: adding or upgrading risers and insulated lids for easier access and frost protection; improves future maintenance scheduling.
• Larimore specifics: frost protection is important in our climate; raised access reduces winter service challenges.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $600–$2,000+.
• Quick prep: plan for lid accessibility and gate access to the tank area.

Drain Field Repair or Replacement (long-term fixes)

• What it includes: repair or replacement of failing drain field components, potential soil amendments, or new field installation based on test results.
• Larimore specifics: frost cycles and soil compaction can influence field longevity; replacements may involve longer trenches or alternative field types.
• Typical cost in Larimore: $5,000–$15,000 for partial repairs; $10,000–$25,000+ for full replacement.
• Quick prep: obtain soil test results and current system schematics if available.

Steps to prepare for a service (in order)

1. Identify and note tank size and access locations.
2. Clear pathways and gates for equipment; ensure driveways are passable in winter.
3. Locate any existing permits or inspection records.
4. Have a list of symptoms or issues ready for the contractor.

Official resources

• EPA: Septic Systems overview and consumer guidance: https://www.epa.gov/septic
• North Dakota Department of Health (Onsite Wastewater guidance): https://www.health.nd.gov/
• North Dakota State University Extension (septic system maintenance and care): https://www.ndsu.edu/extension